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KMID : 1036720140470060385
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Journal of Nutrition and Health
2014 Volume.47 No. 6 p.385 ~ p.393
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Nutritional roles and health effects of eggs
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Yang Eun-Ju
Lee Young-Eun
Moon Hyun-Kyung
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Abstract
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Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of egg consumption and suggest proper guidelines for consumption of eggs by determining the relationship between eggs and cholesterol.
Methods: Literature review was conducted on the relationship between nutritional, functional properties of eggs and serum cholesterol, as well as cardiovascular disease.
Results: Eggs, which are a good protein food with complete amino acid composition, contain vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin
B12, folic acid, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, calcium, iron, choline, selenium, β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, etc. However the egg yolk has a high cholesterol content, which is associated with chronic diseases, including heart disease and hypertension. As a result, its intake is subject to regulation. Outbreak of heart disease by yolk intake can show different results depending on the characteristics of the subjects, amount of egg intake, and the implications of other foods eaten. It is difficult to determine whether eggs are beneficial, as they are the main supplying source for other major nutritive
elements as well. Several research studies insist that when cholesterol intake increases by 100 mg, the level of serum
cholesterol increases by 2.2~4.5 mg/dL and when serum cholesterol increases by 1%, the risk of heart disease increases
by 2%. This indicates that a large intake of eggs can increase the risk of heart disease. Although the cholesterol of egg yolk and serum cholesterol are correlated, it is insufficient to conclude that only cholesterol and not other components are
related to heart disease. In fact, other components in egg such as various unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids could
be related as well. Rather than concluding egg as a ‘good’ or ‘bad’ food according to its cholesterol content, it is important
to define egg as a part of dietary patterns.
Conclusion: Generalizing an indiscriminate and uniform amount of egg intake for all seems inadequate. However, patients with diabetes or heart disease should pay particular attention to the amount of egg intake. As for the norm, eating egg with vegetables as a substitute for other animal products seems beneficial.
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KEYWORD
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eggs, serum cholesterol, cardiovascular diseases, guidelines
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